calmidazolium (cmz  (Enzo Biochem)

Journal: Frontiers in Endocrinology

Article Title: Novel pituitary actions of GnRH in teleost: The link between reproduction and feeding regulation

doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.982297

Figure Lengend Snippet: Signal transduction for GnRRH2- and GnRH3-induced GtHα, LHβ, FSHβ, INHBa, SgII, and DRD2 mRNA expression in grass carp pituitary cells. In this experiment, GnRH2 (A) or GnRH3 (B) combined with / without the VSCC inhibitor nifedipine (10 μM), CaM antagonist calmidazolium (1 μM), or CaMK-II blocker KN62 (5 μM) was used to incubate the grass carp pituitary cells for 24 (h) After drug treatment, the total RNA was extracted from the cells for real-time PCR of the respective genes. Data presented are expressed as mean ± SEM, and the different letters represent a significant difference at p < 0.05 between groups (ANOVA followed by a Dunnett test).

Article Snippet: All the signal pathway inhibitors, such as H89, MDL12330A, U73122, GF109203X, 2-APB, nifedipine, KN62, and calmidazolium (CMZ), were purchased from Calbiochem (San Diego, CA) (for details, please refer to ) and dissolved using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at a concentration of 10 mM.

Techniques: Transduction, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Frontiers in Endocrinology

Article Title: Novel pituitary actions of GnRH in teleost: The link between reproduction and feeding regulation

doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.982297

Figure Lengend Snippet: Signal transduction for GnRH2- and GnRH3-induced POMCb, CART2, UTS1, NMBa, NMBb, and LEPR mRNA expression in grass carp pituitary cells. In this experiment, GnRH2 (A) or GnRH3 (B) combined with / without the VSCC inhibitor nifedipine (10 μM), CaM antagonist calmidazolium (1 μM), or CaMK-II blocker KN62 (5 μM) were used to incubate the grass carp pituitary cells for 24 (h) After drug treatment, the total RNA was extracted from the cells for real-time PCR of the respective genes. Data presented are expressed as mean ± SEM, and the differences between groups were significant at p < 0.05 by labelling diverse letters (ANOVA followed by a Dunnett test).

Article Snippet: All the signal pathway inhibitors, such as H89, MDL12330A, U73122, GF109203X, 2-APB, nifedipine, KN62, and calmidazolium (CMZ), were purchased from Calbiochem (San Diego, CA) (for details, please refer to ) and dissolved using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at a concentration of 10 mM.

Techniques: Transduction, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Journal of Neurochemistry

Article Title: Neuritin promotes neurite and spine growth in rat cerebellar granule cells via L‐type calcium channel‐mediated calcium influx

doi: 10.1111/jnc.14535

Figure Lengend Snippet: Nifedipine, calmidazolium chloride (CMZ), and cyclosporin A (CsA) treatments inhibit neuritin‐induced increases in cerebellar granule neuron (CGN) neurite length and spine density. (a) Representative images and quantitative analysis of the effects of neuritin on neurite length in CGNs cultured in the absence or presence of nifedipine, CMZ, and CsA (Ctl, n = 41; Nrn, n = 52; Nif, n = 34; Nif + Nrn, n = 39; CMZ, n = 38; CMZ + Nrn, n = 43; CsA, n = 39; CsA + Nrn, n = 46). (b) Representative images and quantitative analysis of the effects of neuritin on total spine density in CGNs cultured in the absence or presence of nifedipine, CMZ, and CsA (Ctl, n = 28; Nrn, n = 35; Nif, n = 29; Nif + Nrn, n = 23; CMZ, n = 20; CMZ + Nrn, n = 25; CsA, n = 23; CsA + Nrn, n = 20). Results represent mean ± SEM, n indicates the number of cells. ** p < 0.01 between two groups connected with a straight line (one‐way anova followed by Bonferroni post hoc test).

Article Snippet: Poly‐ l ‐lysine (cat. no. P2636), cytosine 1‐beta‐ d ‐arabinofuranoside (cat. no. P6645), tetraethylammonium chloride (cat. no. T2265), tetrodotoxin (cat. no. A803467), 4‐aminopyridine (4‐AP) (cat. no. A78403), insulin (cat. no. I‐4011), calmidazolium chloride (CMZ) (cat. no. C3930), and cyclosporin A (CsA) (cat. no. C‐139) were from Sigma‐Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA, RRID:SCR_008988).

Techniques: Cell Culture